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Y = log(X)
The log function operates element-wise on arrays. Its domain includes complex and negative numbers, which may lead to unexpected results if used unintentionally.
Y = log(X)
returns the natural logarithm of the elements of X. For complex or negative z, where z = x + y*i, the complex logarithm is returned:
log(z) = log(abs(z)) + i*atan2(y,x)The statement
abs(log(-1)) is a clever way to generate 
:
ans =
3.1416
exp Exponential
log10 Common (base 10) logarithm
log2 Base 2 logarithm and dissect floating-point numbers
into exponent and mantissa
logm Matrix logarithm